Flame retardancy of polymers

Analysis of Flame Retardancy in Polymer Science is a scientific/practical book that is conceptualized, designed, and written for students, early-career researchers, and junior engineers to explain the basic principles of fire analysis/characterization methods/methodologies, from flammability, ignition, and fire spread to forced convection and related analyses and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying flame retardancy in both gas and condensed phases followed by correlation between laboratory- and real-scale fire analyses as well as fire analysis from an industrial standpoint. This book is also an indispensable resource for identifying and mounting the latest achievements in fire analysis/characterization methods to frame the effects of fire evaluation strategies to be utilized for research and development. The book also gives a broad description of fire analysis related to different standards and regulations for different applications in different geographic zones. Read more:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780128240458/analysis-of-flame-retardancy-in-polymer-science

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Fire safety has become a major challenge of materials developers because of the massive production of organic materials, often combustibles, and their use for different purposes. In this sense, fire safety is critically considered in the development of engineering materials [1, 2]. The multiplicity of parameters contributing to the development of formulation of flame-retardant materials from one side and the sustainability concerns from the other side make the innovations cumbersome. Typically, there are variety of flame-retardant materials that are…Read more: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10694-021-01200-3

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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927796X20300620

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Published in Polymer Degradation and Stability 19 September 2020

Abstract

Aiming at improving the thermal stability and flame retardancy of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a novel flame retardant PAN composite was prepared via a facile approach. First, lignin (LIG) and PAN were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to form a uniform blend solution of LIG and PAN, then the solution was poured into the mould to scrape the LIG/PAN composite film. Subsequently, the flame retardant LIG/PAN composite (FR-LIG/PAN) was fabricated via phosphorylation. The structure of pure PAN, LIG, LIG/PAN and FR-LIG/PAN composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The thermal and combustion properties of the samples were evaluated by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter test (CCT).

In addition, the cross section and char residue of FR-LIG/PAN composite after combustion were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the elemental compositions and contents of the cross section and char residue of FR-LIG/PAN composite after combustion were tested by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results indicated that hydroxyl group and benzene skeleton were present in LIG/PAN and the phosphorus element was successfully introduced into FR-LIG/PAN composite via phosphorylation. The amount of char residue for FR-LIG/PAN at 800 °C is more than those of pure PAN and LIG/PAN. SEM photos indicate the expansion characteristics of the char residue, and EDS results prove that the uniform distribution of elements in the cross-section of FR-LIG/PAN composite. Moreover, FR-LIG/PAN exhibits the lowest peak heat release rate (pHRR) and smoke production rate (SPR). These results demonstrated that FR-LIG/PAN had excellent flame retardancy and char forming ability. In addition, the composition of the gases evolved from pyrolysis process of FR-LIG/PAN was analyzed by thermogravimetry coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The main pyrolysis products in gas phase are H₂O, CO₂ and PO•. This work proposes one facile method for preparation of practical flame retardant PAN composite.

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Published by Pinfa on 15/09/2020:

Pilot project on fire data launched after European Parliament vote will prepare EU initiatives on fire safety. A consortium with Efectis, IFV, CTIF, NFPA, DBI, VFDB, BAM, the European Fire Safety Alliance, The University of Edinburgh and The University of Lund has been awarded the contract for an EU pilot project on EU fire data, aiming to pave the way for European actions on fire safety. This project is the result of a 2018 vote in the European Parliament (see pinfa Newsletter n°95). The aim is to define how “to provide meaningful data sets to allow legislative decisions on fire safety at Member States and at EU level”.

EU tender details “Closing Data Gaps and Paving the Way for Pan-European Fire Safety Efforts” (19th November 2019) https://etendering.ted.europa.eu/cft/cft-display.html?cftId=5447
Modern Building Alliance (MBA) summary 27th May 2020 “Pilot project on fire Safety” https://www.modernbuildingalliance.eu/pilot-project-on-fire-safety

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Fore more information: click here

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Place: Institut Pprime (UPR 3346 CNRS), ISAE-ENSMA, Téléport 2, 1 Avenue Clément Ader, BP 40109, 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil cedex, France

Dates: 4th january – 30th june 2020 (6 months). Possibly to continue in CORIA Rouen

Context: Due to current thermal regulations (RT 2012 and 2020), external thermal insulation (ETI) has been developed extensively (with two types: ventilated cladding and composite systems of external thermal insulation, ETICS). This potentially translates into an increase in the fuel mass and fire propagation on the facades, with regard to the insulation materials used (PE, EPS, PIR, PUR), generally derived from plastic. The consequence is the emergence of strong external flames, for which the spreading can be enhanced by the combustible load on the facade. In this context, one of our objectives will then be to characterize the ignition as well as the flame propagation processes in the specific case of the facade situation. Considering those different elements, part of the project will be dedicated to the study of ETICS and ventilated systems: -The experimental characterization of the thermal decomposition of materials used, the development of new and performant models of pyrolysis and their validation at increasing scale. -The experimental study of the ignition process of the materials used, and for representative conditions of facades, for the development and the validation of representative key parameters and models. -The experimental investigation of the thermal exchange (radiation and convection) between the flame and the combustible facade, for the development of more realistic radiative models and laws of walls. -The experimental investigation of thermal exchange and flow characteristics in ventilated system when submitted to a fire. In particular, the amount of pyrolysis gases transported in the air layer and their contribution to fire propagation. more information: click here Subject-Post-Doctoral position – ANR FRENETICS

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The topics of the event will be the following:

Sustainable FR additives

Biobased and biodegradable FR polymers and composites

Global life cycle approaches

Fire safety regulation and ecological issues

For more information: click here

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